[uvc-youtube id=”eTjGTxSevHE” width=”560″ height=”315″ autoplay=”0″ controls=”1″] Gyroscopic precession is a technical term used for the energy transfer.
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Gyroscopic precession. Acts on 90 degree of that of the applied force. Force applied, and it takes affect at 90 degree to that of the applied force. That’s why helicopter blades work at 90 degree out of phase.
Gyroscopic precession.
Precession is a change in the orientation of the rotational axis of a rotating body. It can be defined as a change in direction of the rotation axis in which the second Euler angle (nutation) is constant. In physics, there are two types of precession: torque-free and torque-induced. -wikipedia.
Torque-free precession (gyroscopic precession).
Torque-free precession occurs when the axis of rotation differs slightly from an axis about which the object can rotate stably: a maximum or minimum principal axis.
Torque-induced precession (gyroscopic precession) is the phenomenon in which the axis of a spinning object (e.g., a part of a gyroscope) “wobbles” when a torque is applied to it, which causes a distribution of force around the acted axis. The phenomenon is commonly seen in a spinning toy top, but all rotating objects can undergo precession.
The engineering of the helicopter rotor are very complex, the blades are manipulated to pitch mechanically and consistently by the controls of the pilot.
Where can I buy that gyroscope
thanks so much! this makes so much sense now XD
Sigh.
.
“The force acts exactly where you’d expect it to. There is simply no way for a force to do anything other than that.”
And yet, it does just that that you declare cannot happen. Amazing, right?
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“And I’ve done more than to play with a gyroscope – I received my M.S. in Dynamics and Control theory.”
Amazing!! Your’e so educated!! Oh don’t forget your PhD in Truthology.
And yet… You are still wrong…
.
Hilarious, no?
Every dad ever:
(Busts out tinker toys)
Dad: “What are you going to build?”
Son: “FISHEIEIFNDDS DKJFI EF”
Dad: “Good Idea. What about you?”
Other: “A sunset.”
Dad: “A sunset. Okay…”
Read my comment more closely. The force acts exactly where you’d expect it to. There is simply no way for a force to do anything other than that. And I’ve done more than to play with a gyroscope – I received my M.S. in Dynamics and Control theory.
“How can a force act 90 degrees later? It can’t.”
Sigh…
Really? Go play with a gyroscope..
Thanks Forrest. My explanation is far too brief due to the space limitation of youtube comments. With Destin’s ability to explain these things, including some nifty graphics, I’d love to see him do a segment on it. It really is an area that very few people seem to understand beyond a mathematical level – but it can be completely intuitive to most anyone.
Thanks for that. That makes perfect sense to me and I didn’t really understand the “why” before but now I do!
Hi Destin ! You will probably never see my message, drowned in the thousands of comments here, but I just want to thank you for your videos ! This is so interesting that i rather look them than work for my master’s degree !
I’m a big fan Destin. I’d like to see if I can offer an intuitive understanding of gyroscopic precession. How can a force act 90 degrees later? It can’t. That’s effectively an optical illusion of sorts. Imagine swinging a rock around your head on a string in a horizontal plane. Now give that rock a force impulse with a small jet of air at one point in the rotation. The rock will change course as expected. But the “disk” it forms will be tilted as a result. It’s an abstraction problem.
Nice, your live experiment is better to understand ! keep going ;)
That was awesome! New favorite channel!!
wow do you know know pyjamas is a hindi word?it means the clothes that are wore on the legs…i see that your kid wore superhero “kurtas”(shirts in hindi ) not pyjamas!!!
same question here.
My dad recently gave me one of those r/c microhelicopters for my birthday. I knew about gyro precession before and studied how the blades move with control inputs. It looked to me like it was more like about 70-80°, not 90. Did I not measure carefully enough, or is there a little bit more do with with practical application involved? (I’m thinking some kind of slight control delay for human reaction time or something like that)
So whats the math behind this? I see that what youre saying is true, but, why?
I think this is another one of those wonderful physics laws where you step back and understand that this happens, and not always understand WHY this happens.
It seems to me that the way this works is to bend the blade, say, upward when it is 90 degrees from straight in front (that’s the pitching bit) then the act of bringing it back down creates a force in the forward/backward dimension, due to inertia.
it’s not about actually WHEN you change the pitch. it’s the direction of the force on the disc that’s important, if you make the front of the disk dip down in an attempt to lean the chopper forward you’ll just turn it to the side because the gyro with make it act out of phase and it won’t actually make it go the direction you mean for it to.
But when do you actually change the pitch ? I don’t think you do it 90° from the helicopter for a split second that the rotor is there. I want to know is when you start to pitch it and when you stop. I imagine you would start to pitch the rotor 90° the helicopter and stop after a 180° rotation when its 90° from the helicopter again.
Predicting the future…he admitted it! He’s a wizard!
Dat cat!
Kind of. With internal combustion, cool air is more dense and contains more oxygen (as does compressed nitrous). More oxygen means more vapourised fuel can be tuned into the mixture, and it makes a bigger bang.
Cool helicopters.
jeffkosmo does a great video about this called “solving the mystery of gyroscopes”. He replaces the blades with balls in a tube, which helped me get it.
Cold air intake produces more power because the increase in temperature, and therefore pressure, from combustion is greater than with hot air. Same with jet engines.
I wonder if a similar concept applies at the quantum level, involving the spin of particles and the orthogonal relationship of electricity and magnetism.
@rickitickidicki hell yes! You should get a gold star! Also your name has dick it i think…
I have always wondered why we don’t use the smallest possible particles of fuel in internal combustion engines. I have noticed that the cooler and denser the fuel/air mixture seems to be the more power it seems to produce, but it seems to me that if one got the fuel vaporized and then added O2 it would burn more efficiently: kind of a prestage for fuel.
You sounded like Earl Hickey at 3:35 . LOL
I am on an iPhone lol so sorry for typos. Hope I made sense to someone, and as I said earlier correct me if I’m wrong. I took physics 2 years ago so it’s plausible that I mixed up my facts. I attempted to answer questions many people had because Dustin is only one person and has to be busy being frickin awesome. I didn’t want anyone’s questions to go unanswered so I took a swing at it! The only other thing i have to say is “learn something new everyday” 🙂
Also ,not pointing anyone out because we are all here to learn, but newtons laws are only a small part of physics. They do play a part In all of this, but how they behave is different in regards to forces he didn’t have time to mention. Like there is circular motion that has forces in play like centripetal force, or the inward force with records to the axis of rotation. My point for saying this, is that physics is a huge field of science and there is so much to learn.All you can do is learn more
@Elliottes 2/2 the 90 degree delay comes into play because when something is spinning the delay of the force is measured In degrees. If you push the car peddle down the same every time it will take the same distance to get to 20mph. And sense all circles are in symmetry (that has nothing to do with size of the circle but that every circle is 360 degrees) so this it is the same for every circle. I answered because I am a college student who was able to explain. Please correct me if I am wrong
@Elliottoes understandable confusion. The “pulsing up” explanation only had to do with the bicycle wheel explanation. The same force is accomplished in helicopters by increasing/decreasing the angle or pitch of the spinning rotar. And the reasoning that it happens 90 degrees out of phase, is because the response to a force is not instantaneous. If you are going 20 miles per hour in a car you have to gradually build up to that speed. Same thing with all forces. 1/2
Hmm. I don’t get it yet —and you may be on to something— but the Newton’s law of ‘Equal But Opposite Forces would apply here in that the rudder pushes down on the air and the air pushes up on the rudder— not the rudder being pushed up on one side of the rudder to then be pushed down at the other …if that’s what you were suggesting?
you’re a rockstar!
Destin did not explain why it happens exactly 90 degrees out of phase, or why that happens at all.
Didn’t explain WHY it does this!.
Cat in the background lol
I finally got it! You push up on it. It is rising as it spins as high as it can until it is pulled back in the opposite direction by it simply being attached to the center. which is 90 degrees. Then, in another 90 degrees, it is now at the same height as where the pressure was applied, but now traveling downwards instead of upwards.
Love the cat ornament on the shelf… so lifelike 🙂
Wonderfully done Dustin
i like this channel very much, but i still cannot activate annotations, even if i checked this option in youtube settings, can u guys help me with this, please ?
got it! great channel btw, keep the good stuff coming:)
I get that it does happen, but I’m still absolutely lost as to why 😀
4:34 SLENDERMAN! :O
I think I understand, is it because (imagine your the camera on the metal bar) when he lifts up the right part of the wheel sorta flings past the bar causing force for it to lean right?
and the dude in the background at ~5:00 is just looking at you like “What the heck are those two wierdos doing?”
thumbs up for the cat on your shelf, in case you’re wondering later why the towel (or blanket) was covered in hair.
Your horse looked like a Jenny or Jack not a horse
so very cool
very cool sir, never thought of it. still do not own a quadropter or helicopter….. good info
I have the same question… It may be a consistent 90° because when you apply a force on one side, there is an equal and opposite force on the other side. Thus it would be the same effect no matter the speed. But that’s just a guess 🙂
It does make sense. I think it’s my suggestion that I’m not managing to bring across the way I want. It makes sense when I think of it….but apparently I’m not finding the right way of expressing it…. Hmmm….It’s been too long since I’ve had a in depth science class, and I’ve forgotten a lot; terms and things: but I’m calling up bits of information regarding experiments we did in my senior year of high school…but I can’t remember quite enough to explain what I’m getting at…..
if you think about it, when you tilt the wheel forward, the front half would try to get leveled with the side half (the one that the wheel is spinning to, according to the direction of spinning) because of the centrifugal force and the fact that gravity force applied is the same in all parts of the wheel (in this case we take into account back, front, rightmost end and leftmost end because of the tilting on the X & Z axes) where the centrifugal force is concentrated
sry for posting 99 times
I just don’t get why it acts 90 degrees out of faze
that’s crazy cool, i’ve changed many a tired tubes on my bikes through out the years, and every time i change my front tire/tube i cant resist spinning the wheel and trying to move it. now i know whats happening, its soooo amazing.
but my question is, wouldn’t we fall over on a bike when trying to turn? or did we just lean to counter balance that gyroscopic reaction when first riding a bike?
In this case, it isn’t a matter of time, but the direction of the angular velocity of the gyscrope and the torque force being applied. This is an unscientific explanation, but when those velocities “match” directions, that’s where we see the force being applied. I should draw a diagram or something because it makes a lot more sense when I do that.
Right, which is part of physics. Forces are not always applied instantaneously, just like things like light take time to reach us. But, the force is so continuous once it begins, like seeing daylight, that we can not perceive the difference with out special equipment to calculate it.
But in this case, we /can/ see it’s effect on the object.
If you hold the wheel vertically (like it is typically oriented on a bicycle) while you are sitting on a swivel chair with your feet off the floor, you can swivel your chair by tilting the spinning wheel left or right.
90* (probably exceptions). The way I understand this is as follows: Think about the “circle” that the applied force is making. At the top of that circle, the direction of the force is “straight forward.” Likewise, think about the circle the spinning mass is making. On the left-side of the circle in this case (from the pilot here), the direction of the forcespin is also “straight forward.” The forces interact, causing the roll. You don’t actually need to make a circle since the force is torque.
That explanation actually seems wrong to me. It would intuitive to explain it that way because the force is acting “later,” but I suspect that it has more to do with physics and less to do with…time, specifically because the felt force is happening at right angles to the applied force. Time to do some research and find out what the jeebus is going on.
Anyone else notice the cat on his shelf?
oh the stuff pilots know that the rest of humanity is fascinated by
It seems like it works that way because the force doesn’t affect it right away, but it needs time to ‘catch up’ as it were. This causes the shift to happen later then you would expect it seems, or, at ninety degrees away.
It kind of makes me think of how a sound that happens very far away from you is not heard instantaneously, but takes a few moments to get to you.
I think this is something I remember experiencing a bit while messing around with spinning objects as a kid. XD
When then direct of rotation left of the wheel and apply the force of bar forward so the change sidedue to spining
Is it always 90° or does it change with the speed of rotation/force applied?
Torque = r cross F!
I am nowhere near the pilot Carl is but I have been flying RC helis for about 4 years. I knew everything you just talked about but could NEVER have explained it so well. Great Job!!
… gyroscopes are awsome!!
An impulse is a change of momentum and an impulse is a force integrated over time. (Linear:
i learned something awesome today !! 🙂
If you look at the helicopter. Look at the little pitch links from the rotating swash plate and how they are connected to the rotor blade pitch horns (they adjust the pitch of the blades). The mount is off-set about 90 degrees. Maybe more or less. It is not always 90 degrees. It is designed this way so that the control inputs, look and move the way you think, but are applied at the right time.
Any toy store in China town.
beautifully explained!
how do you figure out the speed at which gyroscopic procession takes place? I mean is it always an 90 degree angle, or do different speeds cause `different degrees`? It doesn’t look like it does, but why not?
It’s not always 90 degree’s. I believe it is usually 70 to 90 or possibly more…. not to sure.
The change to a linear momentum vector by a rotational impulse (torque integrated over time) occurs in the obvious mathematical way whatever the rotor speed, though the visually understood effect is a little mind-bending. At rest or at very low RPM, the applied torque vector’s direction dominates the axis of the observed rotation of the spin axis. At high RPM, where
I fly the models and this is very cool. I didn’t know what made them actually change direction
Gee! That blew my mind.
great series! keep up the good work
If you don’t understand this explanation of gyroscopic precession check out this video, it has a more direct example:
Gyroscopic precession by 1veritasium
is our cat a Blue Russian?
cracker barrel
cute cat in the bachround
mind. blown.
Wow, never knew this, and I thought I’d learnt about them already. 😛
Omg 4:55 his neighbor is in the background
Awesome topic and brilliant experiment, explains the complex stuff much simpler. Good Job!
Wats the cats name
Thank you so much for the videos. I’ve been getting into rc helis for a few months now, and thought I understood the physics of them, until this video. You blew my mind good sir. Very well thought out explanation.
Mind blow!
Sorry, I meant angular velocity of the blades.
still learning after all these years
I see an RC helicopter on a shelf, please test it